Hello,
 
Very interesting post.  There are a few things I would like to ask about, however.
 
Andre Schützenhofer wrote:

 > We run a device independent workflow in reproduction since a couple of years now and noticed large increasement of quality and efficiency.  
 
Are you a print house?  Great that you have been able to implement such a workflow since a couple of yearas ago.  What percentage of your clients would you estimate give you RGB PDF/X-3 documents?  Or in the case that you are a prepress house, what percentage of printhouses ask you for RGB PDF/X-3 documents?
 
> From this viewpoint, in a sense it does not really matter which kind of colorspaces are in PDFX3 - we only have to take care of the right  
> choice  in correct rendering to the output intent. 
 
>This sounds too easy to be possible, but in fact today's workflow-tools are sophisticated enough to allow this on a high professional level. 
 
Are you saying that you are using some application that makes on-the-fly decisions about whether to use a RelCol or Perceptual trasnfomation depending on the image?  If you don't mind divulging secrets, I would be very interested to know.
 
 > PDFX3 gives us all options - completely CMYK or completely RGB or completely mixed, preferably device independent. No reason to be scared.

 I definitely agree - we currently set up CMYK PDF/X-3 workflows and it works very well.
 
> The process of decision works simple: if there is no profile attached or obviously a wrong one, we do not assume that the creator of this file  
> really  expects that the outcome will be exactly like anything he saw on his equipment. So he will be satisfied with a pleasing look.  
 
As you mention, when an image comes in with an incorrect profile or no profile, a decision must be made using the monitor output as to which profile to assign - and there are not so many choices as it may seem at first (usually three or 4 at most)  But, it is not so easy to know what is pleasing.  If you are fotunate and have images with known colors or people in them, for example the decision is usually much easier but this is often not the case.  Ex. Images from art books (of course with an abstract painting just about anything could be "pleasing" or not "pleasing"), fashion shots - many times the photographer is looking for a mood depending upon the type of clothes the advertising is aimed at (greenish skintones, or for the younger generation, very dark images which have almost no shadow detail).  Assigning a profile with a 1.8 gama, for instance, looks much more "pleasing", but is incorrect.  Furniture - the wood tones change greatly depending upon whether sRGB or Adobe RGB is assigned.  
 
>We never  had  real  problems from that with proofed or printed data, because in the mind of them only the proof shows what they will get - and that >is what  we give them.
 
You have not had problems with your proof being substantially different from some other place the client may have gone before or after your site?
  
Can you explain, also, what security measures you employ with RGB images when the results are not what the client expected? 
 
Regards.

Darrian Young